Architecture Overview
ModelScript is built on a data-oriented, WebAssembly-first compiler architecture. Rather than allocating deep hierarchies of garbage-collected JavaScript AST wrapper objects, every stage of the compiler—from GLR parsing to DAE flattening, sparse linear algebra, and formal verification—operates on contiguous Struct-of-Arrays (SoA) arenas in WebAssembly linear memory.
End-to-End Compilation Pipeline
Core Architectural Pillars
1. Zero-Wrapper Linear Memory CST & DAE Arena
Equations, expressions, and statements are lowered directly from 32-bit linear-memory CST node pointers (u32) into DAEBuilder integer IDs (VarId, ExprId, EqId, StmtId). This eliminates garbage-collection pauses even when flattening multi-thousand-equation Modelica Standard Library (MSL) models.
2. Demand-Driven Incremental Compilation (Salsa)
Inspired by the Rust compiler (rust-analyzer), QueryEngine implements the Salsa incremental recomputation algorithm (fetch → deep_verify → execute → backdate). When a user edits a parameter in the IDE, only queries whose transitive input hashes actually changed are recomputed.
3. Polyglot Synchronization via Triple Graph Grammars (TGG)
Cross-language traceability is enforced algebraically via Double-Pushout (DPO) graph rewriting (packages/dsl/src/tgg.ts) with Critical Pair Analysis (CPA) confluence verification (packages/dsl/src/cpa.ts). Changes in SysML v2 requirements, Modelica parameters, STEP CAD assemblies, or ModelScript @unmanaged structs propagate bidirectionally without losing comments or formatting.
4. Multi-Domain Theory Coordinator (
Thirteen specialized Domain Theory Oracles—spanning OWL2 Description Logic (OntologyTheoryOracle), SysML v2 intervals (ConstraintTheoryOracle), Zones/Octagons (AbstractDomainOracle), Barrier Certificates & Taylor Flowpipes (ContinuousSafetyOracle), DAE trajectories (DynamicSimulationOracle), 3D B-Rep clearance (SpatialPhysicsOracle), FEA/CFD contracts (CaeContractOracle), DAE structural matching (CausalizationOracle), SI dimensional analysis (DimensionalOracle), Assume-Guarantee refinement (EntailmentOracle), Kirchhoff/stream conservation (FlowAlgebraOracle), AP242 GD&T stack-up (ToleranceStackOracle), and Conformal UQ (UqOracle)—exchange variable bounds and Nelson-Oppen equalities until a global fixpoint or minimal unsatisfiable core (UnsatCore) is reached.
Monorepo Package Matrix
| Package | Path | Primary Responsibility |
|---|---|---|
@modelscript/dsl | packages/dsl | Grammar combinators, Ahead-of-Time WASM GLR parser compiler (buildParser), TGG/DPO engine, Critical Pair Analysis, E-graphs |
@modelscript/runtime | packages/runtime | Linear-memory DAEBuilder, ArenaDAEPrinter, Salsa QueryEngine, WorkspaceIndex, BLT/Pantelides solver, 13 Formal Theory Oracles |
@modelscript/simulate | packages/simulate | Numerical integrators (SUNDIALS CVODE/IDA, Radau IIA, DOPRI5, Dommel EMT), WebGPU batched solver, FNO surrogates, Monte Carlo |
@modelscript/cad | packages/cad | OpenCascade (OCCT) B-Rep kernel, CSG evaluator, STEP AP214/AP242 serializer, 3D tetrahedral FEA solver, Gerber ECAD parser |
@modelscript/diagram | packages/diagram | Polyglot schematic layout engine, orthogonal Manhattan connection router, SVG/Canvas renderer, dark-mode color inversion |
@modelscript/exchange | packages/exchange | FMI 2.0/3.0 FMU import/export, SSP 1.0/2.0 container toolkit, Co-Simulation Master Orchestrator, WebSerial/AudioWorklet HIL |
@modelscript/lsp | packages/lsp | Multi-language LSP server, semantic tokens, hover, go-to-definition, code actions, background worker pool |
@modelscript/mcp | packages/mcp | Unified Model Context Protocol server exposing 52 core and 70+ domain-specific ModelScript compilation, simulation, verification, and knowledge graph tools |
@modelscript/ide-client | packages/ide | Reusable WebAssembly IDE client components, Monaco/CodeMirror language bindings, and dockable engineering viewports |
@modelscript/examples | packages/examples | Curated multi-domain reference workspaces (CubeSat, EV Battery Pack, IEEE 39-Bus Grid, Robotic Arm, Aero-Structural Wing) |
modelscript (msx) | apps/cli | Unified command-line interface (flatten, simulate, verify, align, polyglot, fmu, csg, surrogate, mc, hil) |
@modelscript/api | apps/api | REST, GraphQL, SPARQL, and WebSocket simulation backend server |
@modelscript/web | apps/web | Browser-native WebAssembly Polyglot Playground and visual modeling environment |
@modelscript/ee | ee | Enterprise Edition (LicenseRef-ModelScript-Enterprise) — Ed25519 license verification, SSO/SAML, RBAC, Slurm HPC dispatcher, Digital Twin Historian, HIL |